Purpose 5-a reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) have been\nsuggested to increase the risk of male breast cancer. The\naim of this study was to study the risk of breast cancer in\nmen on 5-ARI, in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia\n(BPH) not on 5-ARI, and in men without BPH.\nMethods We performed a population-based cohort study\nin Sweden with data from The Prescribed Drug Register,\nThe Patient Register, and The Cancer Register. Men on\n5-ARI, men on a-blockers, or men who had undergone a\ntransurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) prior to or\nduring 2006ââ?¬â??2008 were included as exposed to BPH and a\nspecific treatment thereof. For each exposed man, five\nunexposed men were selected. Risk of breast cancer was\ncalculated in Cox proportional hazard models.\nResults There were 124,183 exposed men and 545,293\nunexposed men, and during follow-up (median 6 years), 99\nmen with breast cancer were diagnosed. Compared to\nunexposed men, men on 5-ARI had a hazard ratio (HR) of\nbreast cancer of 0.74 (95 % confidence interval (CI)\n0.27ââ?¬â??2.03), men on a-blockers had HR 1.47 (95 % CI\n0.73ââ?¬â??2.95), and men with a TUR-P had HR 1.99 (95 % CI\n1.05ââ?¬â??3.75).\nConclusion No increased risk of breast cancer was\nobserved for men on 5-ARI. However, the increased risk of\nbreast cancer among men who had undergone a TUR-P, a\nstrong indicator of BPH, suggests that the endocrine milieu\nconducive to BPH is associated with male breast cancer.
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